Alternate energy sources are a major area of interest of human kind. Biogas is a fuel which is produced through anaerobic digestion of several organic wastes. The organic waste includes agricultural, animal, domestic and industrial waste. Some of the characteristics of this gas are colorless, odorless and clean burning. The main composition of this gas is methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen. Rural India carries above two million biogas plants. By a process called anaerobic digestion, biogas is produced from wastes. The two main components of a biogas plant are a digester or fermentation tank and a gas holder. The two popular designs in this category are floating gas holder type biogas plant and fixed dome type biogas plant. One more design is there which is portable and is known as bag type biogas plant. Biogas is mainly used for cooking. Other uses are in lighting, operating dual-fuel engines etc. Advantages of this power source are pollution free, environment friendly; byproducts can be used for fertilization etc. The dirty smell, low production during winter, low methane content and high retention time are some disadvantages.
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